At high altitude air temperature is low and ice formation on wings can cause serious issues for air crafts.A solution to this problem is to install heating elements within the wings. An aircraft is cruising at aspeed of 120 m/s at an altitude around 12,000 ft where air temperature is8C and pressure is 65 kPa.For safety, the surface temperature of the wing is to be maintained at 8C. The characteristic length ofthe wing is 2.1 m. The area of the wing is 2.1 m by 6 m. Previous measurements showed that the averagefriction coecient between the wing and air at this condition is 0.002. You can assume the air ow to beturbulent throughout. Determine the average heat ux that the heater must be able to supply for safe ying conditions.

The average heat Flux which sometimes can be called heat flux density, heat flow rate intensity or heat-flow density refers to the flow of energy per unit of area per unit of time. the units in SI are computed as watts per square metre [tex](W.m^{-2})[/tex]. It has both a magnitude as well as a direction and so it is a vector quantity.

The full step by step explanation to the question above can be seen in the attached image below.

Answer Link